|
John Bacchus Dykes (10 March 1823 – 22 January 1876) was an English clergyman and hymnist. ==Biography== He was born in Hull, England, the fifth child and third son of William Hey Dykes, a banker, by Elizabeth, daughter of Bacchus Huntington, a surgeon in Hull, and granddaughter of the Rev. William Huntington, Vicar of Kirk Ella.〔Rev. J. T. Fowler (ed.), ''Life and Letters of John Bacchus Dykes, M.A., Mus. Doc., Vicar of St. Oswald's, Durham'' (London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, 1897), pp. 2-3.〕 He was a younger brother of the poet and hymnist Eliza Alderson, and a cousin of the Rev. George Huntington.〔Fowler, p. 103.〕 His father was the son of the Rev. Thomas Dykes, by Mary, daughter of William Hey. By the age of 10, he was the assistant organist at (St John's Church ) in Myton, Hull (transferred to Drypool in 1917), where his paternal grandfather was vicar. He learned the violin and the piano.〔Sadie, Stanley (ed.), ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'' (Macmillan Publishers Limited, 1980), Vol. 5, pp. 794-5.〕 He studied at Wakefield and St. Catharine's College, Cambridge, earning a BA in Classics in 1847. He cofounded the (Cambridge University Musical Society ). He was ordained as curate of Malton in 1847. For a short time, he was canon of Durham Cathedral, then precentor (1849 – 1862). In 1862 he became vicar of (St. Oswald's ), Durham, until his death in 1876. On 25 July 1850, he married Susannah (1827–1902), daughter of George Kingston, by whom he had three sons and five daughters.〔Fowler, pp. 43 & 54.〕 He published numerous sermons and articles on religion; however, he is best known for over 300 hymn tunes he composed. Among those still in wide use are: ''Nicaea'', commonly sung to the words "Holy, holy, holy! Lord God Almighty!"; ''Wir Pflügen'', harmonised by Dykes and commonly sung to the words "We plough the fields, and scatter" (a translation of the German hymn "Wir pflügen und wir streuen" by the late eighteenth-century German poet Matthias Claudius); ''Melita'', sung to the words "Eternal Father, Strong to Save" (sometimes known as "For those in peril on the sea" from its recurring last line); ''Gerontius'', sung to the words "Praise to the Holiest in the height" (taken from Cardinal Newman's poem ''The Dream of Gerontius''); ''Lux Benigna'', sung to Newman's poem ''Lead, Kindly Light''; ''O Perfect Love''; and ''Dominus Regit Me'', sung to the words "The King of love my shepherd is", one of the many metrical versions of Psalm 23. Dykes resolutely upheld the high church tradition, to the consternation of his bishop, and was something of a renegade figure in the Victorian Church.〔( JB Dykes Biography )〕 He was a member of the Society of the Holy Cross. Dykes died in Sussex at age 52, and is buried at St. Oswald’s, Durham. He was enormously influential in hymnody in his time, but this has declined in recent times, evidenced by the fact that, whereas ''Hymns Ancient and Modern Revised'' (1950) carried 31 of his tunes, the New Standard edition of the same hymn book (1983) used only 15. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Bacchus Dykes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|